On 16 May 2024, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to tarlatamab-dlle (Imdelltra, Amgen, Inc.) for extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) with disease progression on or after platinum-based chemotherapy.
Efficacy was evaluated in 99 patients with relapsed/refractory ES-SCLC with disease progression following platinum-based chemotherapy enrolled in DeLLphi-301 (NCT05060016), an open-label, multicentre, multi-cohort study. Patients with symptomatic brain metastases, interstitial lung disease or non-infectious pneumonitis, and active immunodeficiency were excluded. Patients received tarlatamab until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The major efficacy outcome measures were overall response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1 and duration of response (DoR), as assessed by blinded independent central review. ORR was 40% (95% confidence interval [CI] 31, 51) and median DoR was 9.7 months (range 2.7, 20.7+). Of the 69 patients with available data regarding platinum sensitivity status, the ORR was 52% (95% CI 32, 71) in 27 patients with platinum-resistant SCLC (defined as progression < 90 days after last dose of platinum therapy) and 31% (95% CI 18, 47) in 42 patients with platinum-sensitive SCLC (defined as progression ≥ 90 days after last dose of platinum therapy).
The prescribing information for tarlatamab-dlle includes a Boxed Warning for serious or life-threatening cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurologic toxicity, including immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). The most common adverse reactions (>20%) were CRS, fatigue, pyrexia, dysgeusia, decreased appetite, musculoskeletal pain, and constipation, anaemia and nausea. The most common Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥5%) were decreased lymphocytes, decreased sodium, increased uric acid, decreased total neutrophils, decreased haemoglobin, increased activated partial thromboplastin time, and decreased potassium.
The recommended tarlatamab dose is an initial dose of 1 mg administered as an intravenous infusion over 1 hour on Cycle 1 Day 1, followed by 10 mg on Cycle 1 Day 8 and Day 15 then every 2 weeks thereafter until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
This review was conducted under Project Orbis, an initiative of the FDA’s Oncology Center of Excellence (OCE). Project Orbis provides a framework for concurrent submission and review of oncology drugs among international partners. For this review, FDA collaborated with the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA), Health Canada (HC), Israel’s Ministry of Health (IMoH), and United Kingdom’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). The application reviews are ongoing at the other regulatory agencies involved with Project Orbis.
This review used the Real-Time Oncology Review pilot programme, which streamlined data submission prior to the filing of the entire clinical application, and the Assessment Aid, a voluntary submission from the applicant to facilitate the FDA’s assessment. The FDA approved this application 1 month ahead of the FDA goal date.
This application was granted accelerated approval based on ORR and DoR. Continued approval may be contingent upon verification of clinical benefit.
This application was granted priority review, breakthrough designation, and orphan drug designation.
Healthcare professionals should report all serious adverse events suspected to be associated with the use of any medicine and device to FDA’s MedWatch Reporting System.
For assistance with single-patient INDs for investigational oncology products, healthcare professionals may contact OCE’s Project Facilitate.